性功能障碍大多可以经过药物治疗，但是随着影像技术和外科技术的不断成熟，有些性功能障碍也可以经过手术治疗。
随着非侵入性脑功能成像技术的出现，现在已经能够辨别性欲发生时所激发的大脑区域。或者连接生殖器与边缘认知中枢的大脑区域、脊髓或外周神经受损时，能够在很大程度上影响性健康。
癫痫患者性欲亢奋的表达与癫痫病灶在颞叶--边缘环路中相互作用，并且受治疗药物对性作用的诱导。我们总结发现，癫痫、中风、多发性硬化、帕金森病以及其他常见的神经系统疾病对性功能有明显影响，并对性功能障碍疾病及其治疗进行了讨论。神经保留技术通过切断自主神经的联系缓解男女性功能障碍。
本文译自Lancet 转载请注明出处
The advent of non-invasive functional brain imaging has clarified which regions of the brain are recruited during sexual arousal. Injuries to those regions, and to the spinal cord and peripheral nerves that link genitalia to limbic and cognitive centres, can profoundly influence sexual wellbeing. In epilepsy, expressions of hypersexuality and hyposexuality interact with the location of epileptogenic foci in the temporolimbic circuitry, and are tempered by the sexual effects of drug treatments. We outline the sexual consequences of epilepsy, stroke, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and other common neurological disorders. Management of sexual dysfunction from both disease and treatment is discussed. Nerve-sparing techniques could mitigate the substantial sexual dysfunction in both men and women through surgical disruption of the autonomic nerves during radical pelvic surgery.
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